基于GIS的空间插值方法研究

The Spatial Interpolations in GIS

对地理信息系统空间数据分析中的空间数据插值方法从广义的角度分为点的插值和面的插值进行了论述,讨论了点与面的各种插值方法的理论基础、算法以及应用方式,并对空间插值的应用与推广及相关的问题进行了阐述.指出在运用空间插值方法时,要得到理想的空间插值效果,必须针对不同研究区的实际情况,对实测数据样本点进行充分分析,反复试验比较,以选择最佳的方法,并在运用一般插值方法的基础上,依据自身需要及学科的特点,对插值方法进行改进,进而提出适合各学科研究的更优的空间插值方法.

Spatial interpolation is the procedure of estimating the value of properties at unsampled sites within the area covered by existing observations. In a broad sense, spatial interpolation includes point interpolation and areal interpolation. Several spatial interpolation methods were discussed in this paper including the base theory and the arithmetic of the methods. There is no absolutely optimal spatial interpolation method. There is only relatively optimal method in special situation. Hence, the best spatial interpolation method should be selected in according with the qualitative analysis of the data, exploratory spatial data analysis and repeated experiments. In addition, the result of spatial interpolation should be strictly examined for its validity. How to adapt the basic interpolation methods and create some new methods for special purpose to applied in different studies is the most important thing should be done in the spatial interpolation.