城市地质灾害中的地下水环境效应

ANALYSIS ON GROUNDWATER ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECT IN URBAN GEOLOGIC HAZARD

城市地质灾害的特点在于 ,地质灾害的萌发、发展和形成过程中人类活动起了非常重要的作用。以实例的形式 ,概要总结了中国城市发展过程中存在的地震、地裂缝 ,地面沉降、塌陷 ,水环境恶化 ,滑坡、崩塌、泥石流 ,流砂、管涌、软土变形等地质灾害问题 ;根据产生地质灾害的动力作用性质 ,对地质灾害进行了分类。详细探讨了城市地质灾害中地下水的环境效应。将地下水的作用形式分为物理作用、化学作用和生物作用等 ;地下水对地质灾害的环境效应分为、控制效应、辅助效应、次生效应等。提出了城市地质灾害研究中急需解决的 ,如地震预测预报、水流方程与沉降方程耦合。

Characteristics of urban geologic hazard are that mans activityplays an important role in bourgeon, development and form process of geologic hazard. Based on some examples, geologic hazard problems, such as earthquake, geofracture, ground subsidence, collapse, water environmental depravation, landslide, dilapidation, mudrock flow, float sand, piping and yielding soil deformation etc., are summedup generally during the course of development for Chinesecities. According to dynamical operation property of inducing in geologic hazard, geologic hazard is classified into many kinds, and environmental effect of groundwater is discussed detailedlyin urban geologic hazard. So, operation forms of groundwater are classified into physical operation, chemistry operationand biology operation, etc. environmental effect of geological hazard on the action of groundwateris classified into control effect, subsidiaryeffect and second effect, etc. Several key theoryproblems, including in earthquake forecast, couple of flow and settlement equations, and groundwater flow and solute transport in multi-scales inhomogeneity, are put forward in the research of urban geologic hazard.