加快农村人力资源开发的思考——以万名农民素质工程为例

The Revelations of Tapping Manpower Resources in Countryside

提高农民的收入是解决"三农"问题的根本目的,但局限于农业、农村的视野,就会使农民收入的提高与农业资源稀缺的矛盾突出。注重农村人力资源开发,转移农业剩余劳动力,实现城市化水平提升和农户收入增加的双赢结局,是一条现实的选择路径。目前农民素质不适应于现代化的现状严重阻滞着劳动力的转移,解除这种阻滞,就必须对农村人力资源进行资本投入,提升为人力资本。这种投入是巨大而长期的,单靠农民自身难以达到目的,而政府在此时应该成为这一服务的提供者,使农民真正享受到城市居民同样的国民待遇。培训是人力资本投入的路径之一,衢州"万名农民素质工程"只是这一投入的典型探索,但它对于如何实现农业现代化却具有创新价值。

The essential purpose to solve the difficulty of'Peasants,Agriculture and Countryside.'is to raise the income of peasants. But the contradiction is very obvious between the scarcity of agricultural resources and the income of the peasants because of the narrow view of agriculture and village.So a desirable option is to tap manpower resources, transfer surplus labour,get a rise in income of peasants'families and promote them by municipality.But the low qualities of peasants sometimes will prevent such transfer,so it is necessary to take up the investment of manpower resources to make them into the capital of manpower. Meanwhile one of the way of training the capital of manpower is that the government should be the greatest provider of doing this matter. thus the peasants will enjoy the same national treatment with the urban people.Of course, it is a long and great job.and,the probe of'A Project of Millions of Peasants' Qualities'will bring forth new ideas on how to achieve the modernizations of agriculture.