甘蔗主要性状基因型×环境互作的遗传分析

Genentic analysis of genotype×environment interaction for major characters of sugarcane

甘蔗11个亲本和以5×6不完全双列杂交(Ncdesign )遗传设计配制的30个杂交组合的实生苗,两年的7个主要性状的基因加性-显性与环境互作模型(ADE)遗传分析表明:(1)各性状不仅普遍存在基因加性效应和显性效应,而且还普遍存在基因型×环境互作,但不同的性状其加性效应和显性效应所起的作用不同;(2)不同性状遗传率大小不同,所受环境的影响也不同,较大的互作狭义遗传率受环境的影响较大,一般而言,除锤度外,其余性状的遗传率都是普通狭义遗传率为主,互作狭义遗传率较小;(3)所有的性状之间都存在着遗传相互关系,多数性状之间以加性和显性相关为主,环境条件对各性状遗传相关的影响主要表现为显性×环境互作相关。

Eleven parents of sugarcane were used to develop 30 hybridized combinations according to 5×6 incomplete diallel cross (Nc design Ⅱ) genetic design and their seedlings were subjected to ADE genetic analysis of 7 major characters. (1) All characters were affected by not only additive gene action and dominant gene action but also genotype×environment interactions. But their importance differed for different characters.(2)The estimates of heritability components were obtained for all characters. The heritability components varied with traits. In addition, the heritability was in some extent affected by environment for all characters, and the traits that had larger interaction heritability estimates were more affected. In general, the general narrow sense heritabilities were high for all characters except for effective brix,while the interactive narrow sense heritabilities were low. (3) Significant genetic correlations were observed among all characters. The magnitude and direction of correlation differed for different trait combinations. Additive and dominant genetic effects contributed mainly to the genetic correlations for most of trait combinations. The effects of environments on genetic correlation exhibited mainly as dominant×environment interaction-correlations.