《旧约圣经》中女性形象的文化解读

The Images of Women in the Old Testament of the Bible:A Cultural Interpretation

《旧约圣经》中女性形象的塑造折射出父权制文化中男性作者贬低女性的倾向和对女性所持有的矛盾心理。从文化的视角对《旧约圣经》中的120位女性形象进行认真梳理和立体扫描后发现,只有位居两极的女性进入男性话语的中心:一极是以被刻画成导致大英雄参孙身亡的"淫妇"大利拉为代表,另一极则以被塑造成"贤妇"形象的路得为代表。贤妇形象的塑造或许可以缓解父权制《旧约圣经》中女性的不幸与悲哀。

The images of women in the Bible reflect men's depreciation for and contradictory attitudes toward women in the patriarchal culture. Starting from a cultural perspective, the present paper makes a detailed survey of the 120 women in the Old Testament and focuses on the typical women of the opposite extremes who could be in the center of male discourse in a society dominated by men. One extreme is represented by Delilah as a licentious woman leading to the death of Samson. The other extreme of women is represented by Ruth who was created as a virtuous woman. The characterization of such a virtuous woman as Ruth may serve as a relief for women's misfortune and grief in the patriarchal society of the Old Testament.