江鳕和大头鳕头颅骨骼特征的比较研究

Description and Comparison of the Skulls of Two Species of Cod Lota lota Linnaeus and Gadus macrocephalus Tilesius

对江鳕 (L ota lota Linnaeus)和大头鳕 (Gadus macrocephalus Tilesius)的头颅骨骼进行了描述和比较。研究结果表明 :2种鱼均有发达的鼻骨、额骨、后耳骨和鳞片骨 ,上颌口缘由前颌骨构成 ,犁骨上具齿 ,上枕骨与额骨相接 ,左右顶骨分离 ,无眶蝶骨、基蝶骨、伪头中骨和辅上颌骨。 2种鱼的区别主要在于骨块的形状、大小差异及嵴的发达程度的不同。

This paper deals with the description and comparison of the skulls of Lota lota Linnaeus and Gadus macrocephalus Tilesius. The results indicate that both have well-developed nasals, frontal, opisthotic, and squamosal bones, but they have no orbitosphenoid, basisphenoid, pseudomesia bar, or supplemental maxilla. The outside of maxillary consists of premaxillary. There are teeth on the vomer. Supraoccipital and frontal are connected, and the right and left parietal are detached. The major differences of skulls between Lota lota and Gadus macrocephalus lie in the shape and size of the bones and the developmental degree of the crest. Finally, some features that can be used to identify genus or species are discussed.