5Romer Paul M.Increasing returns and long-fun trowth[J].Journal of Political Economy,1986,(ⅩⅩⅣ):1002-1037.
6Lucas Robert E.On the mechanisms of economics development[J].Journal of Monetary Economics,1988,(ⅩⅫ):3-42.
7Mansfield Edwin,et al.Imitation costs and patents:An empirical study[J].Economic Journal,1981,(47):907-918.
8John Hicks.The Theory of Wages[M].London:Macmillian,1963.24.
9K Arrow.Economic welfare and the allocation of resources for invention[A].Donglas Needham.Reading in the Economics of Industrial Organization[C].New York:Holt,Rinehart&Winston,1970.415-427.