儿童精神分裂症住院患者不同年代用药比较

Comparison of antipsychotics used in childhood schizophrenia in inpatients

目的 探讨儿童精神分裂症住院患儿不同年代使用精神药物的变化趋势。方法 回顾性分析相隔15年,1年内住院的儿童精神分裂症患儿病例资料共306例,比较两组使用精神药物情况、疗效和不良反应。结果 15年前组用药前三位为氯丙嗪、奋乃静、舒必利,以典型抗精神病药为主;15年后组用药前三位为利培酮、氯氮平、奎硫平,以非典型抗精神病药为主。结论 儿童精神分裂症住院患儿临床用药由典型抗精神病药转向非典型抗精神病药,利培酮、氯氮平等非典型抗精神病药可作为儿童精神分裂症的首选药物。

ORJECTIVE To explore and compare the variation and the rational drug-use of antipsychotics in child hood schizophrenia in from 1986 to 1987 and from 2001 to 2002. METHODS Three hundred and six childhood schizophrenia cases, who were hospitalized, were reexamined. The clinical application of antipsychotics, the therapeutic efficacy and the adverse reaction between the two groups were compared. RESULTS The typical antipsychotics were the main drugs in the group between 1986 to 1987 and the first 3 agents were chlorpromazine, perphenazine and sulpiride.The atypical antipsychotics were the main drugs and those of the first 3 agents were risperdone, clozapine and quetiapine in the group between 2001 to 2002. CONCLUSIONS The clinical applications of antipsychotics in childhood schizophrenia have become rational in the recent 15 years and the atypical antipsychotics, such as risperdone and clozapine,can be regarded as the first choice for childhood schizophrenia.