中东石油资源与世界经济

Petroleum Resources in the Middle East and its Role in World Economy

石油被誉为"流动的金子"和"工业的血液".在当今时代,它的影响大到政治局势和世界经济,小到地区建设和百姓生活.拥有它就象征着拥有金钱、权力,甚至霸权.它作为一种关系到国计民生的重要战略资源,历来是影响各国乃至世界经济发展和国家安全的重要因素之一.世界政治经济与石油供需紧密相连,世界能源供应安全问题也集中表现在油气供应安全问题上.

Petroleum, as an important strategic resources, is called ' flowing gold' and ' industrial blood'. It is one of important factors influencing the economic development and state safety of each countries, even the whole world. The Middle East is the most concentrated area of petroleum, which is called World Petroleum Reservoir'.By the end of 2002, the surplus proven reserves is about 93.92 billion tons, 56.5 percent of the whole world. In 2002, the output of petroleum in the Middle East is about 1.015 billion tons, 35.6 percent of the total output. The Asian-Pacific region is the biggest petroleum import region in the world. At present, the United States, Europe and Japan respectively import petroleum from the Middle East about 25%, 60%, 80% of their total import of petroleum. So the world economy greatly depends on the petroleum resources in the Middle East.