论古代白话小说中的九天玄女形象

On the Images of the Goddess of the Empyrean in Classical Novels

九天玄女在《大宋宣和遗事》、《水浒传》、《后水浒传》、《说唐后传》等数部白话小说中频繁出现,成为众多英雄的保护神。她常常向英雄传授技艺、赠送法宝,并在危急时刻搭救英雄的性命。九天玄女形象的形成,客观方面的原因主要在于她武艺高强、精通战法,曾经帮助黄帝战胜蚩尤;主观方面的原因主要在于英雄对精神之母的渴望,同时在小说中她也带有了一些始祖母神的色彩。另外,玄女还经常预言小说中人物的命运。

The Goddess of the Empyrean had come up in several classical novels. She had become the patroness of the heroes. She often taught the heroes how to defeat their enemies, gave them some magic weapons and saved their lives in danger. The images' formation had objective and subjective causes. On the one side, she had help Huang Di to defeat Chi You; on the other hand, the heroes were eager for the help from mothers. At the same time, she had predicted the destiny of the heroes sometimes.