氨基酸对基因表达的影响

Effect of Amino Acids on Gene Expression

氨基酸除了作为蛋白质合成底物外 ,氨基酸在体内还发挥着其它重要的营养生理功能 ,例如作为糖异生的底物、作为神经递质和信号转导的前体及蛋白质周转的调节剂等。然而 ,大量研究证实氨基酸还作为营养信号分子调控着许多调节细胞功能和氨基酸代谢的基因的表达。氨基酸主要是通过影响DNA的转录和mRNA的稳定性和翻译而调控基因的表达。但是 。

In addition to their role as substrates for protein synthesis, amino acids have multiple functions. They act as gluconeogenic substrates, regulators of protein turnover, neurotransmitters or precursors of transducers. However, in recent years, evidence has accumulated that amino acids availability regulates the expression of many genes involved in the regulation of a number of cellular functions or amino acids metabolism. Regulation of gene expression by amino acids is mainly mediated through a number of mechanisms affecting both the transcription of DNA and the stability and translation of mRNA. Nevertheless, the molecular mechanisms involved in the amino acids regulation of gene expression are poorly understood in cells.