贵州小型猪2型糖尿病动物模型的建立

Establishment of Model of Type 2 Diabetes in Miniature Pigs

目的 建立贵州小型猪 2型糖尿病模型 ,并观察其胰腺结构变化。方法 将贵州小型猪1 0头随机分为 2组 ,5只饲以基础饲料作为正常组 (A组 ) ,5只饲以高脂高糖饲料作为实验组 (B组 )。共观察 6个月。在 0 ,2 ,3,4,5 ,6月末采取动物禁食过夜后空腹血 ,测定血浆中血糖和血清中胰岛素。于第 6个月末 ,全部处死动物 ,取动物胰腺。取一部分胰腺用 1 0 %甲醛溶液固定 ,常规石蜡包埋切片 ,H .E染色 ,光学显微镜下观察 ;另一部分胰腺用 2 .5 %戊二醛固定 ,常规电镜样品制备 ,透射电镜下观察并照相。结果 实验组 2个月后即出现高血糖 ,并随时间延长而逐渐升高 ,对照组血糖未见升高 ,两组比较差异有显著性 (P <0 .0 5 )。实验组血清胰岛素稍有升高 ,3个月后逐渐降低 ,6个月后明显降低 ,两组比较差异有显著性 (P <0 .0 5 )。实验组胰腺组织表现为胰岛萎缩 ,胰岛边缘皱缩 ,胰岛数目减少 ,胰岛内细胞数量亦减少 ,多数细胞呈梭形 ,细胞核呈杆状 ,胰岛周围少量淋巴细胞浸润 ,出现空泡变性。透射电镜下观察到实验组胰岛 β细胞肿胀 ,部分结构溶解、细胞呈空化 ,细胞颗粒溶解或脱落 ,胰岛周围细胞内可见较大的脂滴。α细胞结构有局灶溶解呈空泡状结构 ,腺泡细胞内粗面内质网模糊 ,部分扩张严重。结论 高脂高糖饲料可诱发?

Objective To set up the animal model of type 2 diabetes with miniature pigs and study its tissue structure changes of pancreas. Methods Ten chinese Guizhou minipigs were divided into two groups: normal fodder group (n=5) and high-fat/high-sucrose fodder group (n=5,with 10% lard,37% white cane sucrose and 53% normal fodder),and observed for 6 months. Blood samples for insulin and glucose were withdrawn from the eyehole sinus venosus of the animals at the end of each month after fasting overnight. At the end of the 6th month all the minipigs were killed to get a part of pancreas, which were fixed 10% formalin sectioned with regular paroflin wrapping, stained with H.E, and then observed with microscopes; The rest part were fixed with 2.5% adehyde made into sample by means of normal electron microscopy, and observed and photographed under the transmit electron microscopy. Results One month later the minipigs in the experimental group developed high blood glucose, rising with the experimental time course, while those in the contrast group (P<0.05) did not increase obviously. The difference between the two groups were significant.The serum insulin level of the experimental group increased slightly one month later and then decreased gradually. By the end of the 6th month,it came to the lowest level with contrast to the normal group, there were obvious difference(P<0.05).In the experimental group the pancreas tissue bore islet atrophied, wrinkling of the pancreas islet edge,decreasing in number of the pancreas islet,decreasing in number of cells within the pancreas islet. Under the transmit electron microscopy, the β-cell of the experimental group had lumps, part of the escrete granulars foamed and some bigger fat dot within the cell around the islet, the structure of α-cell had local focal changes,the rough endoplasmic reticulun was obscure,part of which enlarged seriously. Conclusion High-fat/high-sucrose diet can induce the animal model of type 2 diabetes in minipigs.