受资金限制的独立方案评选方法的深入分析

Thorough analysis about methods of selecting independent projects with capital restriction

受资金限制的独立方案传统评选方法包括互斥化法和双向均衡排序法.互斥化法保证能评选出收益最大的方案组合,但是计算复杂;双向均衡排序法所选取的方案组若未使资金完全用尽,那么该方案组可能不是真正的最优方案组;利用整数规划,通过合理确定目标函数、科学确定资源约束条件和关系约束条件,不但可以解决受多种资源限制的独立方案的选择问题,而且可以克服传统方法的不足,保证所选取的方案组是取得最大收益的方案组.

The traditional methods of selecting the independent projects with capital restriction are mutually-excluding method and the ranking method of two-way balancing. The mutually-excluding method that can guarantee the selected project group is the one that has the max NPV, but it is complex to compute. The project group selected by the ranking method of two-way balancing is perhaps not the optimum one if it doesn't exhaust the capital. But by means of integer programming by determining the proper goal functions, the resource restrictions and relationship restrictions, it can not only solve the problem of selecting independent projects with capital restriction, but also avoid the defects of the traditional methods and guarantee the selected project group is the one that has the max NPV.