高吸水树脂提高红壤保水能力的初步研究

Preliminary Study on Water Holding Copacilty of Red Clay Increased by Highly Absorbent Resin

高吸水树脂作为土壤保水剂,从本世纪70年代开始逐步应用于农、林、园艺生产。我们以江西化工研究所研制的高吸水树脂为试材,在低丘红壤上进行了保水效应研究。试验分室内模拟、盆栽和田间三方面开展,结果证明:高吸水树脂在蒸馏水中的吸水倍数为其自身重量的416倍,与红壤混合后的首次吸水为111.4倍,重复吸水降至35.5倍。树脂所吸持的水分绝大部分为作物可利用的有效水。红壤中掺入0.3％树脂,土壤有效水保存时间约可延长4～6天。在田间施用中,由于树脂颗粒的吸水澎胀,对毛管水上升补给有一定的阻碍作用,早期上层土壤偏干,下层却能保蓄较丰富的水分。故采取地表浅施是适宜的。

Highly absorbent resin(HAR), used as a water holding agent, has been gradually applied in agriculture, forestry and horticulture since the 70 this century. We studied the water holding capacity of HAR made in Jiangxi Institute of Chemical Industry in the red clay of low hills. The experiments of simulation in laboratory cultivations in the pot and in the field showed the absorbing water weight of HAR was 416 times in distilled water, 111. 4 times after being mixed with red clay and when absorbing water again and again 35. 5 times the weight of HAR itself, respectively. Most of the water absorbed was the effective water plants could used. The red clay with 0. 3% resin could hold the water for about 4-6 days, the application at the surface was suitable in the field because the resin particle absorbed water and expanded so that it prevented capillary water from rising and in the early stage the top layer soil was slightly dry and subsurface soil could hold full water.