秦巴山区(宁强、柞水、安康试验区)0～14岁儿童精神发育迟滞患病状况调查

An investigation of mental retarded children aged 0-14 in Qinba Mountain areas

目的 :研究秦巴山区精神发育迟滞 (MR)高发典型区儿童MR患病率、边缘率、病情程度和病因构成 .方法 :对试验区所有 0～ 1 4岁儿童进行智力筛查 ,对可疑MR儿童做智力诊断、医学检查 .结果 :①试验区儿童MR患病率为 3.1 9% ,边缘率为 4 .4 1 % ,总患率为 7.6 0 % ;②儿童MR患病率与边缘率都呈现出随年龄增长而逐渐增加的趋势 ;③轻度MR占MR总体的大多数 ,边缘型、轻型和重型之比为 5 .3∶2 .9∶1 .0 ;④在MR的病因中 ,已明病因占 36 .3% ,病因暂不明占 6 3.7% .结论 :试验区均为儿童MR高发典型区 ,在这些地区开展病因研究、干预措施及组织实施模式的研究 。

AIM: To survey the incidence rate, the borderline rate, the severity and pathogenesis of mental retarded (MR) children in Qinba Mountain areas. METHODS: All the children aged 0 14 in Ningqiang, Zhashui and Ankang areas were divided into three groups by area. The potential MR children were chosen for this study by intelligence screening. IQ test and pathological examination were performed. RESULTS: ① The incidence rate of the three areas was 3.19% and the borderline rate was 4.41%, totaling 7.60%.② The incidence rate and the borderline rate increased with age. ③ The majority of MR children had mild symptoms and the proportions between borderline, mild and severe symptoms were 5.3 : 2.9 : 1. ④ In this study, the pathogenesis was clear in 36.3% of the MR children while that of 63.7% was not clear. CONCLUSION: The rate of MR is high in these three areas. Study of this kind is of help in the prevention and treatment of MR children in the whole Qinba Mountain areas.