超踝关节可动外固定架治疗严重粉碎和开放性Pilon骨折初步报告

Trans-articular movable external fixation of severely comminuted and open tibial Pilon fractures

目的应用自行设计的超踝关节可动外固定架治疗严重粉碎和开放性Pilon骨折。方法2000年1月～2002年5月采用自制超踝关节可动外固定架治疗踝关节粉碎和开放性Pilon骨折15例,必要时结合有限切开克氏针内固定。结果全部病例均得到随访,随访时间6～22个月,平均10个月。外固定架术后使用时间平均为3个月,骨折愈合时间平均为4.5个月,所有骨折均愈合。2例延迟愈合者行骨移植术,其中1例同时行钢板内固定。9例开放骨折者无一例发生感染;其余6例闭合骨折者无伤口感染、皮肤坏死,仅2例发生钉道感染。终末随访时踝关节活动度为优5例,良7例,可2例,差1例。1例因发生创伤性关节炎而行踝关节融合术。结论应用超踝关节可动外固定架治疗复杂的Pilon骨折,既能维持骨折对位,又不妨碍踝关节活动,手术创伤小,愈合率高,并发症少,疗效较满意。

Objective To investigate the results of comminuted or open tibi al Pilon fractures treated with a joint bridging movable external fixator. Methods From January 2000 to May 2002, fifteen patients with either severely comminuted or open Pilon fractures were treated with self-designed joint bridging movable external fixators. In some patients, the external fixation was combined with li mited open reduction and Kirschner wire internal fixation. Results All patients were followed up. The average period of following up was 10 months (range 6 to 2 2 months). The fractures were externally fixed for averagely 3 months. The inter val between fracture and bony union was averagely 4.5 months. There was no nonun ion occurred. Two delayed unions were further treated with bone grafting and one of them was stabilized with a plate. All the 9 open fractures were infection fr ee, so were the closed injuries. There was no skin sloughs found in all cases bu t minor pin tract infection was found in two cases. Range of motion at last foll ow-up examination was excellent in five patients, good in seven, fair in two, an d poor in one. One patient required ankle arthrodesis for posttraumatic arthriti s. Conclusion The results of the severely comminuted or open tibial Pilon fractu res treated with joint bridging movable external fixators were fairly satisfying . The fixator can firmly stabilize the fracture while ankle movement can be resu med early. The operation is less-invasive, and is with higher union rate and few er complications.