蝶窦外侧壁相关结构断层解剖学研究

Sectional anatomic study of the structures related to lateral sphenoid wall

目的 探讨蝶窦外侧壁相关结构断层解剖,旨在提高对此区域结构的认识。方法 观察20例(40侧)头部离体标本的视神经管结构,蝶窦外侧壁特点及与视神经和颈内动脉的关系。用火棉胶包埋10例标本,对蝶窦外侧壁相关结构的区域进行冠状、水平位的薄层切片,观察各层面结构和位置。结果①77.5％颈内动脉和90％视神经在蝶窦外侧壁向窦腔内侧形成突起;②前床突在水平、冠状层面上,为该区域前部的重要骨性标志;③蝶筛隐窝和圆孔在水平、冠状层面上,为该区域前中部的重要骨性标志;④岩尖前端和卵圆孔在水平、冠状层面上,为该区域中后部的重要骨性标志。结论 通过研究蝶窦外侧壁相关结构的断层解剖,并与大体解剖进行对照,为此区域的影像学和手术学的发展提供更可靠的依据。

OBJECTIVE To explore the sectional anatomy of the structures related to lateral sphenoid wall (LSW) so as to further recognizing these structures. METHODS Studies were conducted on the optic nerve canal, LSW, and internal carotid artery on 20 cadaver heads. By using collodion embedding and thin sectioning at coronal and axial planes in ten cadaver heads, structure and location of the LSW were observed with light microscope. RESULTS ① At the LSW, 77.5 % of the internal carotid arteries and 90 % of the optic nerves formed a prominence medially. ② Anterior clinoid process is an important bony landmark in the anterior part at axial and coronal planes. ③ Spheno-ethmoid supreme recess and foramen rotundum are the important bony landmarks in anterior-mid part at axial and coronal planes. ④ Apex of the petrous bone and foramen ovale are the important landmarks in mid-posterior part at axial and coronal planes. CONCLUSION By studying sectional anatomy of the structures related to LSW and comparing them with gross anatomy of LSW, more detailed information can be provided for the development of imaging and operation in the region.