干燥性鼻炎与萎缩性鼻炎鼻粘膜超微结构观察

Ultrastructure of nasal mucosa on rhinitis slcca and atrophic rhinitis

目的 通过透射电镜观察比较干燥性鼻炎与萎缩性鼻炎鼻粘膜的超微结构。方法 取干燥性鼻炎和萎缩性鼻炎鼻粘膜各5例,并取正常鼻粘膜3例作对照,在透射电镜下观察。结果 干燥性鼻炎与萎缩性鼻炎鼻粘膜超微结构改变有类似之处,但萎缩性鼻炎比干燥性鼻炎病变严重,上皮层细胞已鳞状上皮化生,杯状细胞消失,腺腔闭锁,部分腺细胞溶解、坏死,血管腔已被阻塞。而干燥性鼻炎的病理改变较轻,是可逆的。结论 治疗干燥性鼻炎建议从扩血管、滋养恢复鼻粘膜细胞着手,促进鼻粘膜细胞新陈代谢,使受损的鼻粘膜尽快恢复正常结构和生理功能。

OBJECTIVE To observe and compare the ultrastructure of nasal mucosa on rhinitis sicca and atrophic rhinitis by transmissing electron microscopy. METHODS The nasal mucosa of normal, rhinitis sicca and atrophic rhinitis were studied under transmission electron microscopy. RESULTS The ultrastructure changes of nasal mucosa between rhinitis sicca and atrophic rhinitis were similar. But the changes in atrophic rhinitis were more serious than in rhinitis sicca. The epithelial cells of astrophic rhinitis became squamous metaplasia, goblet cells disappeared and glandular cavities were atresic. Some glandular cells were cytolysis or necrosis. The lumen of blood vessels was obstructed. The pathological changes of rhinitis sicca were light and reversible. CONCLUSION The medicine, which can expand blood vessels and nourish or recover nasal mucusa cells, can accelerate metabolism of nasal mucosa cells, and treat the damaged mucosa to recover.