血管性痴呆与血管性认知功能障碍

Vascular Dementia and Vascular Cognitive Impairment

血管性痴呆 (vascular dementia,VaD )主要是由脑血管病变引起的,可分为多梗塞性,皮层下小血管病变,特殊功能部位梗塞如角回、丘脑、额叶梗塞等。卒中后痴呆与基线智力、年龄、受教育程度和血管危险因素有关 。 血 管 性 认 知 障 碍 (vascular cognitive im pairm ent,VCI) 包 括 VaD 、 血 管 性 认 知 障 碍 非 痴 呆 , 及 阿 尔 茨 海 默 病(Alzheim er's disease,AD )伴血管病变。VCI概念有助于 VaD 二级预防治疗和研究。

Vascular dementia(VaD)subtypes include multi-infarct dementia, subcortical ischemic vascular dementia, strategic-infarct dementia, etc. Poststroke dementia may be related to preexisting cognitive level, and the frequency increased with aging, lower educational level and accompanied vascular risk factors. Vascular cognitive impairment(VCI)forms a spectrum that includes VaD, mixed Alzheimer′s disease(AD)with a vascular component, and VCI without dementia. The concept of VCI will improve the early diagnoses and secondary prevention and treatment of VaD, and promote the further research on vascular component in neurodegenrative disorders.