山东小清河河床底质对污染物迁移影响浅析

Primary Effects of Silt in Riverbed to Contaminants Transformation in Xiaoqinghe River of Shandong Province

山东小清河发源于济南市南部山区,数十条支流穿过市区,向北汇入其干流。整个济南市的污废水通过遍布市区的支流排入小清河,导致小清河严重污染,丧失自净能力。被污染的小清河水以侧渗、灌溉等方式,通过土壤、包气带,污染浅层地下水,进而对周围居民生存健康造成威胁。研究表明,小清河淤泥底质及浅层土壤对重金属向地下水的扩散、迁移具有重要的“屏蔽”作用。因此,小清河流域水环境污染防治的关键在源头。现阶段,河床内淤泥底质不宜破坏,重金属含量较高的土壤不宜种植食用农作物。

Wastewater in Jinan city is poured into the branches o f Xiaoqinghe river by citizens and industrial units, which caused heavy pollutio n to the river. It is studied that silt and shallow soil are good shield to prev ent transformation of some heavy metal elements into undergroundwater. Thus, the key to prevent water environment pollution in Xiaoqinghe reach is the headstrea m . At present, silt in the riverbed should not be disturbed and the soil with hig h heavy metal content should not plant crops.