氚水(HTO)生物效应研究

BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS OF TRITIATED WATER (HTO)

氚水诱发F_1代小鼠肿瘤实验研究,分三个剂量组,即22.2×10~7Bq×4,11.1×10~7Bq×4,3.7×10~7Bq×4和一个对照组。结果显示,最高剂量组动物,雌性小鼠肿瘤发生率为57.1％,雄性小鼠肿瘤发生率为39.3％,肿瘤发生潜伏期分别为195.3±77.4天和180.3±57.1天。肿瘤主要类型是淋巴细胞白血病和胸腺瘤。原代金黄地鼠胚胎细胞,在体外培养条件下,经放射性比活度1mci/ml和2.5mci/mlHTO作用后,24～26天潜伏期细胞发生了转化,在无刺激因子条件下,半琼脂培养能形成细胞集落。L_(855)白血病细胞系,在不同放射性比活度0.66×10~7～23.125×10~7Bq/mlHTO作用后,其微核细胞率和微核率与放射性比活度呈线性关系,回归方程分别是Y=0.8183+0.1416X,r=0.98和Y=0.0508+0.1548X,r=0.96。小鼠一次腹腔注入放射性比活度为518MBq的氚水后20小时,小肠上皮坏死细胞达到峰值(5.48个/隐窝),然后开始减少,当注入37～555MBq不同放射性比活度的氚水后6小时,小肠隐窝上皮坏死细胞与放射性比活度呈线性关系。Y=0.0263+0.1612X,r=0.99。

Biological effects of tritiated water (HTO) were studied in this paper by four different tests, and the following results were obtained: ① The induction of tumor formation by HTO on mice showed that it was a very effective carcinogen, especially for lymphocyte leukemia and lymphoma; ② Cul tured golden hamster embryo (GHE) cells were transformed by HTO, as indicated by Con A agglutina tion test and colony formation test;③ The micronucleus cell rate and micronucleus rate of the mouse granulocytic leukemia cell line L833 increased with increasing radioactivity of HTO and both fitted well to linear relationship; ④ The number of necrotic epithelial cells in mouse intestinal crypts reached to its peak 20 hrs after injection of 518 MBq HTO, then declined. And when the injected amount of ra dioactivity of HTO changed, the number of necrotic cells detected 6 hrs after injection changed corre spondently, also in a linear manner.