花粉管通道转基因技术及在小麦分子育种中的应用

Pollen Tube Pathway Transgenic Technique and Application in Wheat Molecular Breeding

文章首先简要回顾了花粉管通道法转基因技术的发展历程,并从花粉管通道法转化的发育及分子证据的提出出发,详细介绍了转化的作用机理和操作技术,提出花粉管通道法转基因技术是一种十分有效的转基因技术,并以变异频率高,性状变异广泛,类型丰富,稳定快,一次导入片段多及低成本等优点而受到科研工作者的亲睐;其次,就花粉管通道转基因技术在小麦分子育种中的应用进行了综述,指出花粉管通道转基因技术在小麦品质创新及分子育种中具有特殊的意义,主要体现在品质改良育种和抗性育种方面,并且取得了可喜的成就,选育出了一系列新品系,如春小麦89122,丰富了品质资源;最后,就花粉管通道法转基因技术存在的问题和应用前景进行了探讨和展望。

This paper reviewed the history, mechanism and operation techniques of the pollen tube transgenic technique based on the development and molecular evidences. The pollen tube transgenic technique was one of the effective transgenic technique in crops breeding and was interested by researchers because of it's advantages, such as less cost, high variation frequency, variable types and extensive characters could be produced, the gained characters could be stabled easily, and more DNA fragments could be inserted in the aim receptor plant at one time. The application of the pollen tube transgenic technique in wheat breeding was prescribed and pointed out that pollen tube transgenic technique was one of the very important and working methods in wheat germplasm creation and molecular breeding, specially in quality and resistance breeding, now, many new species and lines have been created and already used in production, such as the spring wheat 89122. Finally, the problems and prospects of the technique were discussed and looked ahead in the paper.