中国蜘蛛抱蛋属植物营养器官的解剖学研究

The anatomy study on nutritive organs of Aspidistra plants in China

首次对中国蜘蛛抱蛋属 9种植物的营养器官进行了解剖学研究。结果表明 :该属 9种植物的解剖结构基本相同。根和根状茎都由表皮、皮层和维管柱组成。根表皮下有单层薄壁细胞 ;内、外皮层均为一层五面加厚的厚壁细胞 ,内皮层外切向壁薄 ,呈马蹄形 ,外皮层内切向壁薄而外切向壁特别加厚 ,并栓质化 ,在横切面上形成一明显的厚壁组织环带 ;根为多原形。根状茎有明显的内皮层 ,周木维管束散生于维管柱的基本组织中 ;具有次生结构 ,次生保护组织为周皮。叶为等面叶 ,具有C4植物结构特征 ;气孔在上、下表皮均有分布 ,保卫细胞肾形 ,属四轮列型。该属植物的解剖结构与其生态环境相适应 ,体现了结构与功能的统一。

In the paper, the anatomy study on nutritive organs of 9 species of Aspidistra were carried out. The results showed that their anatomy structure were mainly the same. The root and rhizome were composed of the epidermis,cortex and vascular cylinder. There was single layer parechymal cells under the root epidermis,each of exodermis and endodermis had a layer of sclerenchymal cells thickened in five faces,the exotangential cell wall of endodermis was thin and it like a hoof of horse,while the endotangential cell wall of exodermis was thickened particularly and filled with corks. There was an obvious sclerenchymal ring band on the cross section,and the root was polyarch. The rhizome had obvious endodermis and the amphivasal bundle was scattered inside the basic tissue of vascular cylinder. It had secondary structure and the secondary protective tissue was periderm. The leaves were isobilateral and showed the structure character of C_4 plants. The stoma was distributed in the epidermis,the guard cells belonged to the reniform and the quadrilataral ones. The anatomy structure of Aspidistra adapted to the ecological environment,so it embodied the dialectical relation between structure and function.