中国艾滋病研究和防治中的多重伦理学标准

Multiple Ethic Standards in Scientific Research Projects and Public Health Service Programs in AIDS in China

在中国艾滋病科学研究和防治工作中 ,至少存在着三种不同的伦理学标准。这些反映在 :1 )公共卫生服务活动 ;2 )国内资助的科学研究项目 ;3 )国际组织或国外机构资助的科学研究项目。此外 ,在艾滋病科学研究和防治工作中 ,还存在很多伦理学方面的冲突。在公共卫生服务活动中 ,“权力”、“权威”、“公众利益”等得到了很好的反映 ,而个人的权利 ,则没有予以充分考虑。由国内机构资助的科学研究项目 ,在伦理学方面往往缺乏充分的考虑。由国际组织或国外机构资助的科学研究项目 ,国际伦理学标准以及当地的文化都得到了充分地考虑。鉴于中国在艾滋病科学研究和防治工作中存在着多种不同的“伦理标准”的实际情况在今后的相关决策中应高度重视和充分考虑生命伦理学规范问题。

There are at least three different ethic standards existing in scientific research projects and public health service programs in AIDS in China. The categories are 1) ethics in public health service programs; 2) ethics related to research projects funded by domestic agencies; and 3) ethics related to research projects supported by international or foreign agencies. There are also many ethical conflicts related to AIDS in both researches and public health services.In public health services activities such as surveillance programs, voluntary testing, testing patients for HIV before surgery is performed in hospitals,but ethics is almost neglected. In general, “power”, “authority”, “benefits for public” are well “justified” rather than rights of individuals. In research projects funded by domestic agencies, neither funding agencies nor institutes that scientists affiliated with, nor researchers themselves are aware of ethical issues,that's to say public health as well as clinical researches. In research projects funded by foreign or international agencies, ethics are well considered because foreign funding agencies required and foreign collaborators have experiences in the fields. International standards are followed and local cultures are taken into consideration in the implementation. In summary, many different ethic standards are used in AIDS research and public health programs in China. Ethics need to be considered in the future policy making process.