溶胶-凝胶法制备聚氨酯/二氧化硅杂化材料

Preparation of PU/SiO_2 hybrid materials by Sol-Gel

为了获取一种新型的聚氨酯/二氧化硅杂化材料,采用溶胶-凝胶法制备了不同二氧化硅含量的聚氨酯/二氧化硅杂化材料,详细研究了加水量、催化剂HCl用量、温度对溶胶-凝胶过程的影响以及偶联剂的加入对杂化材料性能的影响;确定了实验最佳条件为:n(H2O)∶n(TEOS)=4∶1,n(HCl)∶n(TEOS)=0.5∶1,通过红外光谱、扫描电镜和光电子能谱等手段考察了杂化材料的结构与性能。结果表明:通过溶胶-凝胶法制备的PU/SiO2杂化材料中PU和SiO2形成了较强的化学作用,而不是简单的共混,同时随着SiO2含量的增加材料的脆性逐渐增大,但加入偶联剂后,材料的韧性又有所提高。

A new organic/inorganic hybrid materials (polyurethane/SiO2) was prepared by sol-gel method. The structure and properties of the hybrid materials were investigated by using FUR, XPS and SEM. The influences of the amount of water, catalyst HCl, temperature on the sol-gel process, coupling agent on the morphology and properties of the PU/SiO2 hybrid materials were discussed. An optimal experimental condition is n(H2O): n(TEOS)=4:1, n(HCl): n(TEOS)=0.5:1. A strong interaction between polyurethane and SiO2 exists in the PU/SiO2 hybrid materials prepared by sol-gel process. The brittleness of the materials increases with SiO2. The adding of coupling agent can improve toughness.