论唐人小说中君臣关系的理想形态

On the Ideal Relationship between Monarchs and Subjects in the Novels of Tang Dynasty

唐代的社会政治体制较之前代更加完备 ,其君臣关系也更具有典范性 ,这是经过唐代小说家的审美心理中介 ,艺术化地升华为唐人小说中鲜活生动的君臣关系理想图景。这主要由三个层面建构而成 :从理想国度层面虚构的“杂于千官”的最高境界 ;从社会政治层面着眼的君明臣良的理想范型 ;从道德与人性层面观照的君宽臣安的良性形态。这是唐人小说丰厚文化意蕴的一个重要方面 ,具有超时空的认识意义与审美价值。

The social political system is more improved then that of the former dynasties and the relationship between monarchs and subjects has more representativeness. Beautified and polished by the aesthetic psychology of the writers in Tang Dynasty, this relationship has been sublimated artistically into a lively and vivid picture that depicted the ideal relationship between and emperors and officials. This subject is dealt with mainly from three perspectives: the imaginary state of 'the emperor mingling with all officials' which was typical fabrication in 'Utopia' novels; the perfect example of wise and able emperors and virtuous officials from the angle of social politics; the good pattern of the tolerant and generous monarchs and their honest and well-behaved subjects from morality and humanity point of view. This forms an important aspect of abundant cultural connotation in the novels of Tang Dynasty and has some significance and aesthetic value that can transcend time and space.