麝香石竹花芽离体发育的阶段控制

Grade Control of Folwer Bud Development of Carnation In Vitro

在离体条件下,利用不同的培养基对麝香石竹顶芽外植体的花芽发育进行了阶段控制的研究.结果表明,麝香石竹的顶芽外植体在MS+KT1.0mg/L+IAA1.0mg/L+蔗糖3.0%+琼脂0.8%的Ⅰ级培养基上能被诱导花芽发育的启动;然后,将已诱导花芽发育启动的顶芽外植体,转接到MS+KT1.0mg/L+IAA0.5mg/L+蔗糖1.5%+葡萄糖1.5%+琼脂0.8%的Ⅱ级培养基上能进行花芽的进一步发育形成花蕾,且能从一个花蕾继续分化发育重新产生2—3个花蕾;把花蕾再转接到改良的MS+BA2.0mg/L+NAA0.2mg/L+蔗糖1.5%+葡萄糖1.5%+琼脂0.8%的Ⅲ级培养基上,培养一周后花蕾的花瓣张开,花朵全部开放.不同麝香石竹品种,诱导花芽发育启动的效果不同,Scania品种诱导效果最好.花芽发育初期可溶性蛋白含量较高,但随着花芽发育的进程而迅速下降,不同花芽发育时期的过氧化物酶活性均强于营养器官.本文为花芽分化发育机理的研究创造了条件,也为鲜花生产探索了新路子.

In this paper, the grade control of flower bud development in vitro derived from the apical bud explants of carnation(Dianthus caryophyllus L. cv. Scania) was studied by the utilization of different cultural media. The results show that the apical bud explants of carnation cultured on MS medium supplemented with KT l.0mg/1, 1AA l.0mg/1, sucrose 3.0% and agar 0.8% can be induced to initiate the flower bud development, and continue to develop further so as to form flower buds when they are cultured on MS medium supplemented with KT l.0mg/1, IAA 0.5mg/l, sucrose 1.5% glucose 1.5% and agar 0.8% moreover, they may pboduce several flower buds from one apical bud explant. Then, all the flower buds can come into bloom after they have been cultured for 7 days on the modified MS medium supplemented with BA 2.0mg/l, NAA 0.2mg/l, sucrose 1.5%, glucose 1.5% and agar 0.8%. The induction efficiencies of flower bud development initiation of different carnation varieties are different, and the induction efficiency of D. caryophyllus L. cv. Scania is highest. The soluble protein contents of the flower buds in the initial stage of development are higher, and decrease rapidly with the development process of flower buds. Busides, the peroxidase activities of the flower buds are always higher than vegetative organs.The results of this paper may supply the conditions of studying flower bud differentiation and development mechanism, and the new ways of cutting flower production.