集体写史的方法论

The Methodology of Writing History Collectively

历史是史学家写成的。时代演进 ,史料愈积 ,完全由一人写史的时代 ,逐渐进至集体写史的时代。这是中外史学发展史上的一种趋势。集体写史的理论、方法论随之出现。个人写史与集体撰史中各有优劣。集体写史 ,兼采一人写史之长 ,是集体写史的理想方法 ,但必须有一位卓越的史学家领导全局 ,否则 ,极难想像能写成什么样的作品。中国大陆拨巨款修清史 ,这是中华民族所独有的传统 ,应注意吸取历代集体修史的经验教训 。

History has always been written by historians, however, as societies become complicated, and resources appearing more and more, the times that writing history by one historian has been replaced by writing history collectively. This is the trend both in the development of Chinese history and abroad, and so appearing the theories and methodology of writing history collectively. There are advantages and disadvantages for writing history individually and collectively, but collective writing history with the advantages of individual writing would be ideal method. Collective writing history needs an excellent historian as a leader, otherwise, there will be no good result. Now following Chinese tradition of writing history, Chinese government has decided to write Qing history, which should pay much attention to the experiences of collective writing history before.