表面活性剂对液膜分离传质性能的影响

Effect of surfactants on the separation and mass transfer of emulsion liquid membranes

研究了不同表面活性剂组成的液膜体系在分离过程中的传质、溶胀和渗透等性能,分别考查了聚胺型表面活性剂L-113A和LMA-1及酯型表面活性剂Span80对含P204载体液膜体系迁移镧(Ⅲ)的影响,以及L-113A、L-113B和EM-301对无载体液膜体系富集氨氮的影响.实验表明,因表面活性剂不同,造成乳状液膜体系在分离富集镧或氨氮时,分离传质性能相差较大,LMA-1—P204—煤油的液膜体系对镧具有最大的迁移能力,迁移率97.4%;而L-113A—膜相添加剂—煤油的液膜体系对氨氮的溶解渗透能力最大,迁移率为86 4%.另外,对因表面活性剂结构不同而造成油水界面黏度的差异以及对传质速率的影响,从乳状液膜和自组装双分子液膜等方面进行了探讨.

The performance of the separation and mass transfer as well as the swelling and the permeability of the emulsion liquid membranes containing different surfactants were studied.The effects of different surfactants L-113A,Span 80,and LMA-1 on the extraction of Lanthanum (Ⅲ) with emulsion liquid membrane containing P204 as mobile carrier,and the effects of L-113A,L-113B,and EM-301 on the enrichment of ammonia with carrier-free emulsion liquid membrane were investigated.Experimental results show that the transfer rates of lanthanum and ammonia were different in different membrane systems.The transfer rate of lanthanum was 97.4% in LMA-1—P204—kerosene liquid membrane system,and that of ammonia was 86.4% in L-113A—additive?—kerosene liquid membrane without mobile carrier in oil membrane phase.On the other hand,the effect of the structure of different surfactants on the viscosity of oil/water interface,which influences the mass transfer,was discussed.