自然保护理论依据的历史回眸及伦理反思

Looking Back On the Grounds of Nature Protection and Ethical Reflection

人类与自然环境的矛盾日益突出 ,人类已开始对造成二者矛盾的原因进行深刻反思。在反思的过程中 ,传统人类中心主义首当其冲遭到批判。西方学者提出了诸多新的学说以作为自然保护的哲学依据 ,但这一切是以“人类”、“我们”这样的全称命题为表述形式来谈自然保护的 ,掩盖了“正义”问题。在汲取西方理念的精华 ,明确我们对自然保护的道德义务的同时 ,更需明确 :在“保护自然”的统一认识下 ,不同国家、不同地域应该有自己的保护与发展模式。

The contradiction between human beings and natural environment is increasingly noteworthy. Man is beginning to think about what has caused it. When people reflect on it,the traditional anthropocentrism is firstly criticized. Western scholars have brought up many new theories as the philosophical basis of protecting nature. But they use 'human beings' or 'we' as the subject of those theories when talking about the nature protection,which covers up the issue of 'justice'. While taking in the prime part of western theories,and clarifying our moral obligations to nature protection,we should be clear that with the same awareness of nature protection,different nations or areas should have their own protection and development models.