新疆主要梨品种亲缘关系的分子标记分析

Molecular Markers Analysis of Main Cultivars Relationship Between Pyrus in Xinjiang

为了分析新疆主要梨品种间的亲缘关系,从160个随机十聚体引物中筛选出12种RAPD引物分析18份材料,共扩增133条带,平均每个引物扩增约11条带,其中14条带为所有材料的共有带,有119个多态位点(占89.47%),Nei相似系数在0.5～0.923,用PHYLIP构建UPGMA、NJ树,认为:1)对选用的形态学经典分类已较明确的新疆梨、白梨、砂梨、西洋梨、秋子梨,RAPD数据完全与其相符;2)几个芽变间高度相似;3)杂种新梨1号与砀山梨、杂种新梨6号与香梨、杂种早酥梨与苹果梨分别并类;4)苹果梨独立于供试的5个种之外,建议将该品种上升为种一级阶元;5)库尔勒香梨归属于新疆梨。

To assess the interspecific relationships in Pyrus,eighteen samples of Pyrus were used for RAPD assay.Of the 160 random decamer oligonucleotide primers tested,twelve we selected produced abundance polymorphic products.A total of 133 products amplified from 12 primers were selected for RAPD analysis.Every primer amplified eleven products in average.Fourteen amplified products were found to be coexistence bends,relatively one hundred and nineteen (89.47%)products were polymorphic loci among 18 samples.Data were used to generate Nei's similarity coefficients and to construct dendrograms using UPGMA and NJ in the PHYLIP computer programs.Nei's similarity coefficients were between 0.5 and 0.923,and it is concluded from this study that:1) RAPD results coincided with traditional morphological taxonomy for P.sinkiangensis Yu,P.bretschneideri Rehd,P.pyrifolia Nak,P.communis L and P.ussriensis Max;2) The samples of several sports were very similar; 3) The hybrid cultivar XIN-liyihao pear and DANGSHAN-suli pear were clustered together.The hybrid cultivar XINliluhao pear and Kurle fragrant pear were clustered.The hybrid cultivar Zaosuli pear and Pingguoli pear were clustered; 4) Pingguoli pear was independent among five experimental species of Pyrus. It should be changed to a species from a cultivar; 5) The dendrograms clustered Kurle fragrant pear into P.sinkiangensis Yu.