胡慧超与唐代“孝道”

Hu Huichao and “Filial Taoism” in Tang Dynasty

本文结合“孝道”在唐代的发展情况 ,就胡慧超对“孝道”发展的贡献进行了探讨。作者以为 :隋及唐初由许逊族裔把持的西山游帷观之衰微并不意味着许逊崇拜“已到了生死关头” ,因为胡慧超等非许氏族裔的“孝道”成员并未放弃对许逊崇拜的推动 ,而是利用其实力和影响将许逊崇拜推向了一个新的发展阶段。具体而言 ,胡氏的贡献有如下几点 :一是复兴了西山游帷观这一“孝道”的活动中心 ;二是促使许逊的形象朝着一教之祖大大迈进 ;三是为“孝道”在唐代获得官方的承认创造了条件 ;四是在“孝道”中开创了一种重视以文传教的风气 ;五是培养出了一些著名的“孝道”弟子。

In combination with the development of “Filial Taoism” in Tang Dynasty, this paper Discusses Hu Huichao’s contribution to “Filial Taoism” and proposes that, the decline of Xishan Youwei Temple once in the control of Xu Xun family offspring during Sui and early Tang does not mean the approximation to the end of the worship for Xu Xun. The non-Xu members of Filial Taoism as Hu Huichao did not give up the worship for Xu Xun. On the contrary, they developed Xu Xun worship to a new stage with their influence. Hu’s contribution includes: 1, revitalizing Xishan Youwei Temple, the activities center of Filial Taoism; 2, greatly promoting the image of Xu Xun to a religious ancestor; 3, creating conditions for governmental recognition of Filial Taoism in Tang dynasty; 4, initiating a trend of literary missionary work; 5, educating some famous disciples of Filial Taoism.