绿松石颜色指数分析

The color index analysis of turquoise

绿松石是一种由含铜、铝和水的磷酸盐矿物(CuAl6[PO4]4(OH)8·4H2O)组成的天然玉石原料。从石器时代到现在,绿松石已有6000～7000年的昌盛历史,特别是穆斯林国家,把它作为吉祥、辟邪的象征,相传古代由土耳其传往欧洲,又被称为"土耳其玉"。另外,绿松石还可做装饰品、雕刻材料等。世界上出产绿松石的国家主要有中国、美国、前苏联、埃及和伊朗等。中国绿松石矿早已驰名中外,主要分布在东秦岭,尤其集中在陕西与湖北交界的武当山隆起西南缘。绿松石最大的特点是它的颜色从天蓝到绿色醒目而明媚。随着自然科学的发展,对颜色的认识不断加深,从定性到定量颜色指数可以准确地描述颜色特征,笔者利用色度学原理,通过反射率测定,首次把金属矿物颜色指数分析方法应用于绿松石,分析了4个不同颜色绿松石的颜色指数,成功地实现了绿松石颜色的定量表示。

Turquoise is a kind of natural jade and stone stuff which consists of Cu,Al and H_2O bearing phosphate(CuAl_6_4(OH)_8·4H_2O).From the Stone Age to nowdays,turquoise has a prosperous history for 6 000~7 000 years.To Moslem, turquoise is considered a kind of luck and talisman.A tradition about turquoise is that it was introduced to Europe from Turkey,so turquoise has also been called 'turkey jade',in addition,turquoise can also be used as adornment and carve stuff.In the world,Chinese,America,pre-Russia,Egypt and Iran,and so on,are the main turquoise productive countries.Chinese turquoise has been well-known for a long time,and the deposits are situated in East Qinling,particularly center in south west edge of Wudang mountain upheaval.Turquoise's main trait is its color that is from sky blue to green,striking,radiant and enchanting. Along with the development of the natural science people deepen the color knowledge gradually,for example,written language description is not contented to the needs in some field,and the need is quantitative analysis.Color index can show the characteristics of color exactly.For adapting the development,the authors use the metal-bearing ore's color index analysis for the first time through reflectance determining and the color-imetry theory,and analyses 4 turquoises' color index in various color.So the color of turquoise is quantitated successfully.