21世纪中国历史地理学发展的思考

Some ideals related to the development of Chinese historical geography in the 21st century

本文在回顾中国历史与近 5 0年来取得的巨大成就的基础上 ,结合当今地球系统科学、地理科学的发展趋势以及国际全球变化与可持续发展研究的最新动向 ,提出了新世纪中国历史地理学研究应以收集、发掘人类文明演进的地理证据 ,分析历史上人地交互作用的时空特征为核心 ,以探寻当今地理学历史渊源人类适应环境变化模式的历史证据为目标 ,以文献分析、野外调查、考古发掘等传统方法与现代实验技术、空间信息技术的集成为手段 ,以编制5 0 0 0年来华夏故土嬗变与文明演进的历史图谱为主要平台的发展新思路 。

Based upon the development in recent 50 years, historical geography of China has gained great achievements, especially in the following fields: the research on historical territories and boundaries and the compilation of historical maps; historical climate and natural disasters; historical land surface processes; the origin and development of Chinese civilization; the regional integration and historical events; historical human environment relations and adaptation patterns; the accumulation of fundamental data and the application of new technologies Taking into consideration the development trend of current earth sciences, geographical sciences, and international researches of global changes and sustainable development, suggestions were presented for the development of Chinese historical geography in the 21st century The authors suggest that Chinese historical geography should make the collection and mining of geographical evidences of civilization evolution, and the analysis of the spatio temporal characteristics of historical human environment interactions as the foci; and the exploration of the historical pattens of human adapatation to envionment changes as the target An integration of traditional methods,e g ,document analysis, field investigation and archaeology, and modern ones,e g ,experimental techniques and spatial information techniques, is necessary On the basis of the compilation of the thematic maps on Chinese environmental changes and civilization evolution in 5000 years, priority should be given to the researches on the following key aspects,i e ,the establishment of GIS on Chinese civilization evolution, the reconstruction of high resolution environmental factor series and the analysis on their spatio temporal characteristics, historical land use/land cover change researches, adaptability researches, the construction of regional adaptation models, the researches on regional human environment systems in history, the integrated research of Chinese historical environmental changes and the compilation of thematic maps, and the researches of spatial differences between cultures Chinese historical geography will present remarkable contribution to the international researches of global changes and sustainable development