超高压大流量气动开关阀的原理和动态特性研究

STUDY ON EXTRA HIGH PRESSURE AND LARGE FLOW RATE PNEUMATIC ON-OFF VALVE

开关容积减压是为提高效率而提出的一种新型减压方法。对其关键元件超高压大流量气动开关阀的原理、动态特性进行详细的理论和试验研究。利用气动力平衡,解决超高压主阀心驱动力大和响应慢的难题,设计出小流量驱动大开口的超高压大流量开关阀。提出以定容积过程和变容积过程为单元,以控制腔转折点气体压力为标志,对超高压气动开关阀的开启和关闭动态过程进行细分的原则;建立了基于动态过程细分原则的非线性数学模型;分析了超高压气动开关阀动态特性的影响因素、改善措施。仿真和试验表明,所建立的数学模型和理论分析与试验结果是吻合的。

The extra-high pressure pneumatic on-off valve is very important part in a new pressure reducing method by ex- pander that is used for enhancing the efficiency of extra-high pressure pneumatic power system. The operation principle and dynamic property of the valve are detailedly investigated by means of theoretical and experimental way. The problem of needing large driving power and slowing response in extra-high pressure pneumatic on-off valve is solved by means of pneu- matic dynamic force balance method. A two-stage valve that used a pilot solenoid spherical valve to control a large flow-rate poppet valve is developed. The definitions and rules of dynamic processes based on the control chamber volume changing or not, and on the key pressure points in the control chamber are put forward. The mathematical models of the valve are obtained based on above definitions and rules. Some influencing factors to the valve are analyzed. The results show that the dynamic property of the valve is corresponding between simulation and test.