关于电磁场理论中电矢势的再认识

Reinterpret Vector in Electromagnetic Theories

经典电磁场理论认为只有电磁场本身有直接的物理意义.运动电荷受到电场力和磁场力的作用,是只有电场强度E和磁感应强度B对运动电荷有作用,而不是电矢势A,在一般人们的观念中电矢势A始终只被看作是数学上的需要而引入的.随着AharonovBohm效应的发现,人们发现对磁场的描述只用B是不够的,它不能解释电子在外磁场中的干涉和散射等现象.带电粒子在外磁场中的动力学行为是否会受到矢势A的直接影响;矢势A的影响是否可以独立于磁感应强度B出现干涉的量子效应,文中将对电磁场理论中电矢势A进行深入分析和探讨,对矢势A进行重新认识并赋以新的定义.

In classic theories, the movement equations of the system just include the field itself, so vectorA is introduced for the mathematical demand , it is considered that only the field has a direct physics meaning. With the research named as Aharonov - Bohm, people find out B is not enough to describe the magnetic field, it can not explain the phenomena of electronics in outside magnetic field , for example, interference and dispersion. In this paper, vectorA in electromagnetic theories has be reinterpreted and redefined.