有机高氮肥的施用对菠菜生长及土壤供氮能力的影响

Effect of application of organic fertilizer with high nitrogen content on growth of spinach and soil nitrogen supply

通过盆栽试验 ,研究了有机高氮肥的施用对菠菜生长及土壤供氮能力的影响。结果表明 :与对照相比 ,2种有机高氮肥分别单施和配施 ,菠菜产量和累积吸氮量均较高 ,与单施尿素的处理相比 ,菠菜生长后期的长势更加旺盛 ,吸氮速率增加的更快 ;施用有机高氮肥能改善土壤氮素供应状况和供氮过程 ,在菠菜生长后期 (播种后 2 8～ 4 2d)为菠菜提供了充足的矿质氮 ;播种 14d后 ,有机高氮肥的施用能明显增加土壤微生物量氮 ,增加幅度大于单施尿素处理 ,因此提高了土壤的供氮能力。上述结果表明 ,施用有机高氮肥有可能获得与施用化肥相当的产量 ,这为生产有机食品专用肥料提供了技术途径。

A pot experiment was carried out.The results showed that fresh weight of spinach on the application of the organic fertilizers was significantly higher than that of CK,and the growth rate and nitrogen absorption of spinach were higher than those in the treatment with urea alone during the later growth period (5th May to 19th May) of spinach.The mineral N content of the soil added with organic fertilizers was enhanced steadily during the whole growth period (7th April to 19th May) of spinach,while that in the urea application alone was far more than the requirement for the growth of spinach,being at larger risk of nitrogen loss.The content of soil microbial biomass N was significantly increased when the soil was fertilized and the increased extent in the application of organic fertilizers was larger than that in the application of urea alone.To conclude,the application of organic fertilizers could improve the soil nitrogen supplying characteristics and synchronize the soil nitrogen supplying process with the requirement by spinach.Almost the same yields of spinach could be obtained in the application of organic fertilizers as that in urea application alone.Therefore,the results obtained in the present experiment ensure that it is possible to get high yields by applying organic fertilizers with high nitrogen content to soil in the organic farming.