普通小麦-簇毛麦6VS/6AL易位系抗病性在不同小麦遗传背景中的传递

Transfer of disease resistance of Triticum aestivum-Haynaldia villosa 6VS/6AL translocation lines in different wheat background

小麦条锈病和小麦白粉病是中国小麦的两大病害 ,由南京农业大学细胞遗传研究所培育的小麦 簇毛麦 6VS/ 6AL易位系高抗白粉病 ,并对中国当前新优势条锈菌生理小种表现高抗。用 6VS/ 6AL易位系与中国不同小麦生产区的栽培品种宁春 4号、扬麦 5号、扬麦 15 8、申 32 10 9、豫麦 13、豫麦 18等进行杂交 ,对其杂种后代进行田间抗条锈病和抗白粉病鉴定。从各杂交组合中均选出对白粉病和条锈病高抗的单株和株系 ,其抗病性在小麦不同遗传背景中可以正常表达。对从F3 ～F8代中选出的抗病材料进行根尖染色体C 分带和分子原位杂交鉴定 ,在所鉴定的高抗单株和株系中均含有一对或一条 6VS/ 6AL易位染色体。

Yellow rust and powdery mildew are two main wheat diseases in China.Triticum aestivum-Haynaldia villosa 6VS/6AL translocation lines developed by Cytogenetics Institute,Nanjing Agricultural University showed high resistance to powdery mildew,as well as resistance to current virulent races of Puccinia striiformis in China.The 6VS/6AL translocation lines were respectively crossed to common wheat varieties,Ningchun 4,Yangmai 5,Yangmai 158,Shen 32109,Yumai 13 and Yumai 18,introduced from different wheat grown areas of China.Some plants and lines highly resistant to both yellow rust and powdery mildew were selected from the progenies of these cross combinations by screening the disease resistance in the fields.The resistance is expressible in different wheat genetic backgrounds.The plants with resistance to powdery mildew and yellow rust were selected from F 3F 8 to identify chromosome constitution by chromosome C-banding and in situ hybridization.The results indicated that one or a pair of 6VS/6AL translocation chromosome existed in these plants.