两系杂交稻穗颈节间维管束与籽粒充实特性的研究

Characteristics of Vascular Bundles of Peduncle and Grain-filling in Two-line Hybrid Rice

对两系杂交稻穗颈节维管束特征及其籽粒充实进行了研究。结果表明,维管束数目与一、二次枝梗数及颖花数有密切关系。籽粒充实好的品种维管束和韧皮部的总面积显著高于籽粒充实差的品种,维管束的颖花负荷量与总库容负荷量明显低于充实率差的品种。扬两优6号不仅库容量大,而且籽粒充实率、充实程度良好,结实率正常。发达的维管束是其籽粒充实的前提。还讨论了育种、栽培技术问题。

The characteristics of vascular bundle of peduncle and grain-filling in two-line hybrid rice were studied. The results showed that: the number of primary branches, secondary branches, and spikelets were closely associated with the number of vascular bundle. The hybrids with good grain-filling had larger areas of vascular bundles, larger area of phloem, and less spikelet number and total sink load per vascular bundle than those with poor grain-filling . Yangliangyou 6 had not only a larger sink but also normal grain-filling, sink-filling, high seed-setting percentage. These characteristics of vascular bundle were the biological basis for the grain-filling. Some techniques related to the rice breeding and cultivation of high-yielding were discussed.