黄土高原小流域生态-经济重建模式的尺度概念和方法

Concept and methodology on up-scaling issue of small watershed prototypes for reconstructing ecological economies in Loess Plateau

对黄土高原地区 1 1个水土保持和生态重建科研攻关试验区近 2 0年的研究结果表明 ,试区设置的区划尺度过粗和小流域治理典型尺度过小 ,缺乏中尺度研究和不同尺度间模式及内容转换的方法 ,是典型模式推广不理想的一个重要原因 .针对小流域治理在尺度上的局限性 ,提出相似度尺度推绎和多尺度互补研究等设想 。

The general ecological situation of Loess Plateau is kept deteriorating,despite great efforts have been made and some achievements were gained after 50 years' endeavor to control soil erosion and renovate ecological landscape.Investigations on the past 20 years results from 11 experimental sites showed that the extension of prototypes and models derived from these sites,which were all based on one scale of small watershed,were unsatisfactory.The possible reasons for such a situation could be attributed to the too coarse scale of map,on which,the regional planning were set up and the locations of these experiment sites were decided,the too fine scale of the small watershed which were usually 3～10 km 2 in size,the shortage of studies on various scales particularly on the meso scale,and the lack of methods of scaling on up scaling.Based on the analysis of restraints in management of small watershed,the specific concept and relevant proposed methods of resemblance scaling and multi scale complementarity were put forward and tested.