博落回生物碱提取工艺初步研究

Preliminary Study on Extraction Technology of Alkaloids in Macleaya cordata

分别以氯仿、甲醇和工业乙醇为溶剂,对博落回全草中的生物碱进行超声萃取,然后采用3种不同的萃取工艺对各粗提取物中的生物碱进行初步分离。通过对各粗提物和萃取物的提取率与生物碱的比较分析,确定出博落回总碱的最佳提取和分离工艺。其最佳工艺为:工业乙醇超声提取,浸膏溶于正丁醇/水(V/V1∶1)的混合溶液,并用正丁醇萃取。然后将正丁醇浸膏溶于氯仿/水(V/V1∶1)混合溶液,调pH至10～11,再用氯仿萃取脂溶性总碱。此后,将水相调pH至中性再用正丁醇萃取水溶性总碱,总生物碱提取率可达3.1%。

Three methods were used to extract the Alkaloids in Macleaya cordata.By extraction rate and thin layer chromatography(TLC) we selected the best way. The results were as follows: The sample was extracted with ethanol and was dissovlved in n-butyl alcohol-water[(V/V)1∶1].Then it was extracted in n-butyl alcohol and was solvated in chloroform-water[(V/V)1∶1]. This solvent was extracted by chloroform under condition of pH 10-11.The part of chloroform is the fat-solventing alkaloids and the part of water continually extracted by n-butyl alcohol under condition of pH 6.5～(7.0). This part is the water-solventing alkaloids .The total alkaloids were 3.1 percent.