论王维的山水诗

Landscape Poems Composed by Wang Wei

对于王维的山水诗,历代许多诗论家都有过精辟的论述。其中苏轼的"诗中有画",因其特别精辟允当而成为经典之论。诗境与画境相结合,是我国古代山水诗的共同特征,而作为王维山水诗的考语和定评的"诗中有画"有着特定的含义。这一方面是指王维诗中用以表现山水景物线条美、构图美和色彩美的技法,即所谓的"融画入诗";另一方面是指那些不能入画的"象外之象"、"景外之景",在王维的笔下也显得意趣盎然,韵味无穷。这是一种气韵,是一种画意或画风。

Many poems critics had incisive comments on Wang Wei's landscape poems in different ages, among which ' picture in poems' theory of Su Shi became a classic one by its incisiveness and properness. Combination of poetic atmosphere and picturesque scene is the common feature of Chinese ancient landscape poems, but the comment of 'picture in poems' for Wang Wei's landscape poems has its special meanings. On one hand, the poems of Wang Wei employ the skills that embody the landscape's beauty of line, composition of picture and colors, that is ' merge the picture into the poems'; on the other hand, the 'scenes beyond scenes' and ' sights beyond sights' which cannot be merged into picture became full of lingering charm in Wang Wei's poems. That is a flavor and tone, picturesque meanings or picturesque style.