基于降低开停机成本的水电厂“节水增效”模型

Model of Saving Discharge and Increasing Benefit Based on Reducing Start-up/Shut-down Costs at Hydroelectric Plant

以水电站耗水量最小化为目标,将开停机成本计为耗水量,与电能损失换算得到的流量一并考虑并协调处理,提出了水电厂的"节水增效"模型。该模型针对每个时段运行的机组数,应用遗传算法进行优化得到最经济的运行方式,强调开停机和水轮机效率之间的协调,考虑了尾水位、压力钢管水头损失和水轮机效率的变化,能够快速制定出平稳的开停机计划,获得各机组最优的负荷分配结果,对竞价上网环境下水电厂的运行管理有一定的实际意义。

After analysing the discharge in stead of the start-up/shut-down costs and the total power generation loss of the hydroelectric plant, author proposes the model whose objective is the minimal total discharge, and developed it to optimize the number of generating units in operation at each period of time in order to achieve the total generation scheduling of the plant in the most economic way based on genetic algorithm. The model highlights the tradeoff between start-up or shut-down of generating units and hydro power efficiency, taking into account variations in tailrace elevation, penstock head losses and turbine-generator efficiencies. This paper is useful for power plant to bidding in the power market.