摘要
The primary symptoms of respiratory disorders are breathlessness,chest pain and cough,which may be associated with sputum production.However,disorders of the lungs can produce distant symptoms(e.g.non-metastatic manifestations of lung cancer),and non-respiratory conditions such as anaemia and metabolic acidoss can cause berathlessness.Adequate assessment of any patient requires a full clinical history and examination.This contribution considers aspects directly relevant to the respiratory system.
