金属与非金属纳米颗粒增强葡萄糖生物传感器

Enhancement effect of metal and nonmetal nanoparticles on glucose biosensor sensitivity

为了提高葡萄糖传感器的灵敏度和抗干扰性,利用纳米增强效应,以Au、Ag、Pt、SiO2纳米颗粒及金属-无机复合纳米颗粒与聚乙烯醇缩丁醛(PVB)构成复合固定酶膜基质,采用溶胶-凝胶法固定葡萄糖氧化酶(GOD),组成葡萄糖生物传感器.研究表明,纳米颗粒可以大幅度地提高固定化酶的催化活性,增加电极的电流响应灵敏度,改进生物传感器的抗干扰性能,使信噪比提高了32倍.

Nanoparticles-enhanced glucose biosensors have been fabricated with glucose oxidase (GOD) immobilized by thesol-gel method in composite immobilization membrane matrix, which is composed of metal nanoparticles, such as gold, silver, and platinum or the nonmetal nanoparticles, silica, and Polyvinyl butyral (PVB) in order to improve the sensitivity and the anti-interferential property. Experiments show that nanoparticles can significantly enhance the catalytic activity of the immobilization enzyme. The current response also increased rapidly. The ratio of signal to noise also increases 32 times owing to improvement in the anti-interferential property. The function of the different kinds of nanoparticles effect on immobilization enzyme is considered as surface absorption enhancement of metal nanoparticles and combined effect of metal and nonmetallic nanoparticles. The results will make a basis of improving the performance of glucose biosensor and developing the direct electron transfer biosensor, and will open up a new road of the application of nanoparticles.