人皮肤移植增生性瘢痕裸鼠模型的建立

Establishment of a nude mouse model for study of human hypertrophic scar

目的 建立一种具有人增生性瘢痕 (hypertrophicscar ,HS)的组织学特性 ,且能反映HS发展规律的HS动物模型 ,为HS的实验和临床研究提供重要手段。方法 在裸鼠背部做 2 0cm× 1 5cm的全层皮肤缺损创面 ,移植人的全厚皮肤 ,并移植裸鼠的自体皮肤做对照。皮片存活后不给予烧伤 ,观察皮片干痂脱落后瘢痕增生的情况 ,然后进行增生瘢痕的组织学检查 ,并用PCR技术对其DNA进行扩增 ,鉴定其组织来源。结果 60只裸鼠中有 5 4只出现明显的、持续的瘢痕增生 ( 90 .0 %) ,增生的瘢痕色红质硬 ,明显高出皮面 ,组织学检查可见大量的胶原沉积和炎细胞浸润 ,PCR结果显示该瘢痕可以扩增出与正常人皮肤组织及人HS组织同等大小的特异性PCR产物。结论 该模型制作简单 ,所产生的瘢痕增生明显 ,增生持续时间长 ,大体外观和组织学特点都和人的HS相似 ,且可观察自创面愈合至增生性瘢痕形成的全过程 。

Objective To establish an ideal animal model for the human hypertrophic scar in nude mice for providing an important tool for the experimental and clinical studies of hypertrophic scar. Methods Normal human skin grafts (2.0 cm×1.5 cm) were applied to the lesions created by whole thickness skin excision in the back of nude mice. No burn injury was made after the survival of the skin graft. After skin graft rejection, the development of scar proliferation was examined morphologically both in gross appearance and histology. DNA of the hypertrophic scar was amplified for the identification of tissue source by PCR. Results Development of hypertrophic scar was found in 54 out of all the 60 cases (90.0%). The scars were extremely similar to human hypertrophic scars both in gross appearance and histology. PCR results showed that specific PCR products with the identical size of human skin tissues and human hypertrophic scars were amplified. Conclusion Obvious hypertrophic scars, resulted from the easily established model, are similar to human hypertrophic scars both in gross appearance and histology. The whole progress from wound healing to scar formation can be studied in the model, so this model is an ideal one for the studies of human hypertrophic scars.