解构福克纳小说——《献给爱米丽的一朵玫瑰花》

Deconstruction of the Short Story of William Faulkner——《A Rose for Emily》

《献给爱米丽的一朵玫瑰花》是福克纳发表的第一篇短篇小说,也是他最广为流传、最深受人们喜爱的一个短篇。它描写了一位坚强的美国南方女性在受到传统对其精神的严重摧残下所做出的反应:主人公爱米丽对待传统不是一味地顺从,而是采取反叛的态度,从而在一定程度上实现自己对幸福生活的构想,而没有按照传统的条条框框去扼杀自己对幸福生活的向往。这就解构了作品原有的主题思想,即爱米丽不是传统的代言人,而是传统的反抗者。由此在背叛/恪守这个二元对立中,没有处于绝对优势的一元。

A Rose for Emily is the first published short story of William Faulkner and is one of the most popular stories among readers. It demonstrates the steadfast response by a strong-minded woman in the South of America on the condition of severe spiritual torments: the heroine Emily revolts against tradition rather than comply with it indiscriminately, thus fulfilling her dream of leading a happy life in a sense. Her response therefore deconstruct the preconceived theme of the short story, that is, Emily is not the advocator of tradition but the opponent of it. Accordingly, a conclusion can be drawn that there is no predominant element between the binary opposition between revolt/compliance.