2岁以内患儿不同部位采血方法的对照研究

Study of effects on blood sampling methods with different body part for infant-patients

目的 探索更适合于2岁以内患儿的采血部位,以提高采血成功率,减少患儿反复穿刺的痛苦,减轻患儿家长焦虑程度。方法 选择2周岁以内患儿120例,随机分为3组,分别采用桡动脉穿刺、头皮静脉穿刺、股静脉穿刺进行采血。将3组患儿的家长焦虑程度、穿刺成功率、采血时间、压迫时间、并发症等进行比较。结果 桡动脉组家长焦虑程度较其他两组低(P<0.01);股静脉组并发症较桡动脉组多(P<0.05);头皮静脉组采血时间较其他两组长(P<0.01);股静脉组压迫时间较其他两组长(P<0.01),桡动脉组与头皮静脉组压迫时间无显著性差异(P>0.05)。结论 2岁以内患儿采用桡动脉穿刺法采血,家长最乐意接受,成功率最高,采血时间短,压迫时间短,并发症少。

Objective To explore blood sampling method suitable for infants under 2 years old, in order to improve the success rate of blood sampling, reduce infant's pain caused by repeated puncture and appease parent's anxiety. Methods 120 infant patients under 2 years old were divided into 3 groups at random with 3 blood sampling methods: through radial artery, scalp vein and femoral vein respectively. Parent's anxiety degree, the success rate of puncture, time of blood sampling, pressing time and complications of each group were compared. Results Parents' anxiety degree in radial artery group was lower than other groups significantly (P<0.01). Femoral vein group had more complications than radial artery group (P<0.05). Time of blood sampling of scalp vein grups was longer than other groups (P<0.01). The pressing time of femoral vein group was longer than other groups (P<0.01). There was no significant difference about pressing time between radial artery group and scalp vein group (P>0.05). Conclusion Blood sampling through radial artery for infant-patients under 2 years old, acceptable by parents is more advantageous for its highest success rate, shorter sampling time, pressing time and fewer complications.