WTO国民待遇在服务贸易和知识产权领域的适用

The Application of National Treatment in GATS and TRIPS

乌拉圭回合之后,WTO国民待遇适用于服务贸易和与贸易有关的知识产权领域,产生了一些新的法律特点,在适用范围、适用客体及例外限制方面都有了新的变化:在服务贸易领域它从普遍义务走向特定义务,从无条件走向有条件;在与贸易有关的知识产权领域它由形式互惠转为实质互惠,适用于执法和司法救济过程,提高了整体保护水平。

After the Uruguay Round, there has come into being some new legal characteristics of the Na- tional treatment when it applies in the fields of GATS and TRIPS. Its application scopes, application ob- jects, limitations and exceptions change as follows: in GATS, national treatment goes to specific from general, and goes to conditional from unconditional; in TRIPS, national treatment goes to substantial from nominal, and applies also in the fields of legal enforcement and judicial remedy, and raises the gen- eral protection level.