论弗洛伊德精神分析学说的三种解释方式

THREE KINDS OF EXPLANATION TO FREUD'S THEORIES OF MENTAL ANALYSIS

弗洛伊德的精神分析学说是当代西方理论界争议较大的学说之一。争议的主要分歧在于精神分析学说的臆测性和科学性。作者认为精神分析学说的科学性和弗洛伊德积累材料、解释材料的方式有关,深入分析弗洛伊德积累材料、解释材料的方式有助于科学地评价精神分析学说。因此,本文试图论述弗洛伊德解释癔病、梦与日常生活失误行为、文学艺术的三种不同方式,从而对精神分析学说这三个领域的内容的科学性做出评价。

Freud's theory of mental analysis is among the most controversial theories in modern Western theoretical domain. The dispute of the controversy mainly lies in whether it is speculative or scientific. The writer thinks that its scientific feature has something to do with the ways in which Freud accumulated and explained materials, and thus, further analysis of his ways of doing these may be conducive to its scientific evaluation. In this paper, the writer tries to discuss Freud's three different ways of explaining hysteria, dreams and errors in daily life and literature and arts so as to scientifically evaluate the scientific features in these three fields of the theory of mental analysis.